Posted by
Anjali Kaur
on
Nov 25, 2021
Practice Test 6 – Resources and Development
Practice Test 6 – Resources and Development. Meant for Class X, CBSE.
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Q1. Which resources are community owned resources?
Answer. Community resources are those which are owned by society or the community. For example, grazing land, graveyard, burial grounds, ponds, parks, among others.
Q2. What are national resources?
Answer. All resources such as minerals, water, forests, and wildlife within the political boundary of a nation are National resources.
Q3. What was Agenda 21 of Earth Summit of Rio de Janerio?
Answer. Earth summit was a UN conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992. Agenda 21 was an action plan that was agreed upon during this summit and is aimed at achieving global sustainable development.
Q4. What is net sown area?
Answer. Net Sown Area is the area sown with crops but is counted only once.
Q5. What is gross cropped area?
Answer. Gross Cropped Area (GCA) is the total area sown once as well as more than once in a particular year.
Q6. What is contour ploughing?
Answer. Contour ploughing is a practice of farming in which ploughing is done across a slope following its elevation contour lines. this practice is used to minimize soil erosion.
Q7. What is the importance of land?
Answer.
- It supports natural vegetation, wildlife, human life, economic activities, and transport and communication systems. .
- It is an asset of a finite magnitude.
Q8. What is the importance of soil as a resource?
Answer.
1. Soil is the most important renewable natural resource.
2. It is the medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organisms on the Earth.
Q9. Why are arid soils found to be non-productive?
Answer. Due to the dry climate, high temperature, evaporation is faster and the soil lacks humus and moisture. The lower horizons of the soil are occupied by kankar, which restricts the infiltration of water.
Q10. How are laterite soils formed? Give any one positive and one negative aspect of the soil.
Answer. The laterite soils develop in areas with high temperatures and heavy rainfall.
Positive Aspect: After adopting appropriate soil conservation techniques particularly in the hilly areas of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu, this soil is very useful for growing tea and coffee.
Negative Aspect: Humus content of the soil is low because most of the micro-organisms, particularly the decomposers like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
Q11. Which resources are termed as ‘International Resources’?
Answer. All resources occurring beyond 200 nautical miles of the Exclusive Economic Zone (an area of coastal water and sea bed that lies within a certain distance of a country’s coastline) are termed as international resources. The use of these resources is regulated by established international organizations.
Q12. What do you understand by ‘Stock’? Give examples.
Answer. Stock is the resources for which presently, we don’t have any technology to extract them. For e.g., Water consists of Hydrogen and Oxygen which are inflammable but we do not know the technology to extract energy from these elements.
Q13. What are the processes involved in Resource planning?
Answer.
‘Resource planning is a technique or skill of proper or judicious use of resources.
Resource planning is a complex process that involves:
- Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country. This involves surveying, mapping, qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.
- Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and institutional set up for implementing resource development plans.
- Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.
Q14. Why are shelter belts grown?
Answer. Shelterbelts are in form of trees and shrubs. The shelterbelts are thus grown to reduce the impact of the Tsunami in the event of occurrence.
Q15. What are the various methods of soil conservation?
Answer.
Methods of soil conservation:
- Contour ploughing: Ploughing along the contour lines can check the flow of water down the slopes. It is called contour ploughing. It can be practised on the hills.
- Terrace cultivation: Steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces. It restricts soil erosion. It is practiced in western and central Himalayas.
- Strip cropping: Large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of wind. This method is called strip cropping.
- Planting of shelter belts: Planting lines of trees to create shelter also checks the soil erosion. Rows of such trees are called Shelter Belts. These shelter belts have contributed significantly to the stabilisation of sand dunes and in stabilising the desert in western India.
Q16. Define the term ‘Resource’. Do you think that resources are free gifts of nature? Support your arguments.
Answer. Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs provided it is technologically accessible and economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as ‘Resource’.
- Resources are not free gifts of nature. These are a function of human activities. Human beings themselves are essential components of resources.
- They transform material available in our environment into resources and use them.
Q17. What are the causes of soil erosion?
Answer. Denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is known as soil erosion.
Causes of soil erosion:
- Due to human activities like deforestation, overgrazing, construction and mining, etc.
- Natural forces like wind, glacier and water leads to soil erosion.
- The running water cuts through clayey soils and makes deep channels as ‘gullies’. The land becomes unfit for cultivation, this process is called gully erosion and the land is called bad land or ravines in the Chambal basin.
- Sometimes, water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. It leads to the washing away of the top soil. This process is called sheet erosion.
- Wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land, and is called wind erosion.
- Soil erosion is also caused due to defective methods of farming.
Q18. Classify resources on the basis of ownership with examples.
Answer. On the basis of own resources can be classified into four types.
- Individual resources: These are owned privately by individuals. For example, plots, houses, plantation, pasture lands, ponds, are owned by individuals.
- Community-owned resources: The resources which are accessible to all the members of the community are called community owned resources. For example, grazing grounds, burial grounds, picnic spots, play grounds, etc.
- National resources: All the minerals, water resources, forests, wildlife, land within the political boundaries and oceanic area upto 12 nautical miles from the coast belong to the nation.
- International resources : There are international institutions which regulate some resources. The oceanic resources beyond 200 km of the Exclusive Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilise these without the concurrence of international institutions.
Q19. Classify resources on the basis of development with examples.
Answer. Resources are classified on the basis of the status of development in the following categories:
i) Potential Resources – These are resources that have been found in a region but have not yet been fully utilized.
ii) Developed Resources – These are resources that have been surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilization. The development of these resources depends upon technology and feasibility.
iii) Stock- Stock is the materials in the environment that have the potential to satisfy human needs. However, human beings do not have the appropriate technology to access these resources.
iv) Reserves – These are stocks of resources that can be put to use with existing technology. However, their use has not yet been started. They can be used to meet future requirements.
Take a look at the previous blog posts on resources and development.
- Resources and Development (Part-1)
- Resources and Development (Part-2)
- Resources and Development (Part-3)
- Resources and Development (Part-4)
- Resources and Development (Part-5)
